Phospho-FRA1 (Thr227) Blocking Peptide – The purity is >90%,tested by HPLC and MS. Purity

The Fos gene family consists of 4 members: FOS, FOSB, FOSL1, and FOSL2. These genes encode leucine zipper proteins that can dimerize with proteins of the JUN family, thereby forming the transcription factor complex AP-1. As such, the FOS proteins have been implicated as regulators of cell proliferation, differentiation, and transformation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

FRA1: an oncogenic transcription factor of the bZIP family, Fos subfamily. The expression of Fos proteins is rapidly and transiently induced by a variety of extracellular stimuli including growth factors, cytokines, neurotransmitters, polypeptide hormones, and stress. Fos proteins dimerize with Jun proteins (c-Jun, JunB, and JunD) to form Activator Protein-1 (AP-1), a transcription factor that binds to TRE/AP-1 elements and activates transcription. Fos and Jun proteins contain the leucine-zipper motif that mediates dimerization and an adjacent basic domain that binds to DNA. The various Fos/Jun heterodimers differ in their ability to transactivate AP-1 dependent genes. In addition to increased expression, phosphorylation of Fos proteins by Erk kinases in response to extracellular stimuli may further increase transcriptional activity. Following growth factor stimulation, expression of FosB and c-Fos in quiescent fibroblasts is immediate but short-lived, while FRA1 and FRA2 expression persists longer. FRA1 is involved in cell motility, invasiveness, and inhibits apoptosis. Elevated in many cancers and associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Involved in Erk2-mediated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) pathway. ERK2/FRA2 regulate ZEB1/2 expression, known to be associated with the EMT. Smad2/3-Fra1 complexes may reflect activation of the Smad/AP-1-dependent TGF¿-induced breast cancer invasion program. Activation of FRA1/C-JUN by ERK/AKT pathways can induce EZH2 overexpression, silencing integrin alpha-2 expression, and increasing the metastatic potential of colorectal cancer. Belongs to the bZIP family. Fos subfamily.

Protein type: DNA-binding; Transcription factor

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11q13

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; presynaptic membrane; neuron projection; nucleus; cytosol

Molecular Function: protein binding; transcription factor activity

Biological Process: response to drug; transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; response to gravity; response to cAMP; in utero embryonic development; positive regulation of apoptosis; response to virus; vitellogenesis; positive regulation of cell cycle; female pregnancy; learning; chemotaxis; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of cell proliferation; response to hydrogen peroxide; response to mechanical stimulus; response to cytokine stimulus; positive regulation of cell proliferation; cellular response to extracellular stimulus; cellular defense response; positive regulation of transcription factor activity; response to progesterone stimulus; response to corticosterone stimulus