Grik1 Blocking Peptide

Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. This gene product belongs to the kainate family of glutamate receptors, which are composed of four subunits and function as ligand-activated ion channels. The subunit encoded by this gene is subject to RNA editing (CAG->CGG; Q->R) within the second transmembrane domain, which is thought to alter the properties of ion flow. Alternative splicing, resulting in transcript variants encoding different isoforms, has been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GluR5: Ionotropic glutamate receptor. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L- glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. May be involved in the transmission of light information from the retina to the hypothalamus. Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRIK1 subfamily. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Channel, ligand-gated

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 21q22.11

Cellular Component: presynaptic membrane; postsynaptic membrane; kainate selective glutamate receptor complex; integral to plasma membrane; dendrite; plasma membrane; cell junction

Molecular Function: extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity; kainate selective glutamate receptor activity

Biological Process: synaptic transmission, glutamatergic; nervous system development; regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic; central nervous system development; glutamate signaling pathway; positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic; negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic; regulation of inhibitory postsynaptic membrane potential; synaptic transmission; behavioral response to pain; transport; ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway; adult behavior; regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential; positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion