RXRA Blocking Peptide

Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and retinoic acid receptors (RARs) are nuclear receptors that mediate the biological effects of retinoids by their involvement in retinoic acid-mediated gene activation. These receptors function as transcription factors by binding as homodimers or heterodimers to specific sequences in the promoters of target genes. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the steroid and thyroid hormone receptor superfamily of transcriptional regulators. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

RXRA: Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid. RXRA serves as a common heterodimeric partner for a number of nuclear receptors. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. The RXRA/PPARA heterodimer is required for PPARA transcriptional activity on fatty acid oxidation genes such as ACOX1 and the P450 system genes. Homodimer. Heterodimer with RARA; required for ligand- dependent retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activity. Heterodimer with PPARA (via the leucine-like zipper in the LBD); the interaction is required for PPARA transcriptional activity. Also heterodimerizes with PPARG. Interacts with NCOA3 and NCOA6 coactivators. Interacts with FAM120B. Interacts with PELP1, SENP6, SFPQ, DNTTIP2 and RNF8. Interacts (via the DNA binding domain) with HCV core protein; the interaction enhances the transcriptional activities of the RXRA/RARA and the RXRA/PPARA heterodimers. Interacts with PRMT2. Interacts with ASXL1 and NCOA1. Highly expressed in liver, also found in lung, kidney and heart. Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily.

Protein type: DNA-binding; Nuclear receptor; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 9q34.3

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; nuclear chromatin; nucleus; receptor complex

Molecular Function: ligand-dependent nuclear receptor activity; zinc ion binding; chromatin DNA binding; transcription coactivator activity; protein binding; enzyme binding; DNA binding; retinoid-X receptor activity; vitamin D receptor binding; protein heterodimerization activity; sequence-specific DNA binding; steroid hormone receptor activity; retinoic acid receptor activity; transcription factor activity

Biological Process: retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; cholesterol metabolic process; camera-type eye development; response to retinoic acid; vitamin metabolic process; in utero embryonic development; ventricular cardiac muscle cell differentiation; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; cellular lipid metabolic process; positive regulation of translational initiation by iron; protein homotetramerization; virus-host interaction; ventricular cardiac muscle morphogenesis; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; steroid hormone mediated signaling; gene expression; transmembrane transport; embryo implantation; maternal placenta development