TLR1 Blocking Peptide

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is ubiquitously expressed, and at higher levels than other TLR genes. Different length transcripts presumably resulting from use of alternative polyadenylation site, and/or from alternative splicing, have been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TLR1: Participates in the innate immune response to microbial agents. Cooperates with TLR2 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipoproteins or lipopeptides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Binds MYD88 (via TIR domain). Interacts with CNPY3. Interacts (via extracellular domain) with TLR2. Ligand binding induces the formation of a heterodimer with TLR2. Ubiquitous. Highly expressed in spleen, ovary, peripheral blood leukocytes, thymus and small intestine. Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4p14

Cellular Component: phagocytic vesicle membrane; membrane; integral to plasma membrane; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: transmembrane receptor activity; protein heterodimerization activity; receptor activity

Biological Process: MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process; regulation of cytokine secretion; macrophage activation; positive regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process; innate immune response; immune response; detection of triacylated bacterial lipoprotein; signal transduction; inflammatory response; toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway

Disease: Leprosy, Susceptibility To, 5