EXOSC4 cDNA Clone – Exosome Component 4 (Human)

EXOSC4: Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. EXOSC4 binds to ARE-containing RNAs. Belongs to the RNase PH family.

Protein type: Nucleolus; Ribonuclease; EC 3.1.13.-

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 8q24.3

Cellular Component: cytoplasm; cytosol; exosome (RNase complex); nuclear exosome (RNase complex); nucleolus; nucleoplasm; nucleus

Molecular Function: AU-rich element binding; exoribonuclease activity; protein binding

Biological Process: defense response to virus; DNA deamination; maturation of 5.8S rRNA; positive regulation of cell growth; regulation of mRNA stability; rRNA 3'-end processing; rRNA catabolic process; rRNA processing