HPSE cDNA Clone – Heparanase (Human)

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are major components of the basement membrane and extracellular matrix. The protein encoded by this gene is an enzyme that cleaves heparan sulfate proteoglycans to permit cell movement through remodeling of the extracellular matrix. In addition, this cleavage can release bioactive molecules from the extracellular matrix. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

HPSE: Endoglycosidase that cleaves heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) into heparan sulfate side chains and core proteoglycans. Participates in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and remodeling. Selectively cleaves the linkage between a glucuronic acid unit and an N-sulfo glucosamine unit carrying either a 3-O-sulfo or a 6-O-sulfo group. Can also cleave the linkage between a glucuronic acid unit and an N-sulfo glucosamine unit carrying a 2-O-sulfo group, but not linkages between a glucuronic acid unit and a 2-O-sulfated iduronic acid moiety. It is essentially inactive at neutral pH but becomes active under acidic conditions such as during tumor invasion and in inflammatory processes. Facilitates cell migration associated with metastasis, wound healing and inflammation. Enhances shedding of syndecans, and increases endothelial invasion and angiogenesis in myelomas. Acts as procoagulant by increasing the generation of activation factor X in the presence of tissue factor and activation factor VII. Increases cell adhesion to the extacellular matrix (ECM), independent of its enzymatic activity. Induces AKT1/PKB phosphorylation via lipid rafts increasing cell mobility and invasion. Heparin increases this AKT1/PKB activation. Regulates osteogenesis. Enhances angiogenesis through up- regulation of SRC-mediated activation of VEGF. Implicated in hair follicle inner root sheath differentiation and hair homeostasis. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 79 family.

Protein type: EC 3.2.1.166; Glycan Metabolism - glycosaminoglycan degradation; Extracellular matrix; Hydrolase; Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q21.3

Cellular Component: intracellular membrane-bound organelle; lysosomal lumen; lysosome; nucleoplasm; nucleus; proteinaceous extracellular matrix

Molecular Function: beta-glucuronidase activity; heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding; heparanase activity; protein binding; protein dimerization activity; syndecan binding

Biological Process: angiogenesis involved in wound healing; cell-matrix adhesion; extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis; glycosaminoglycan catabolic process; heparan sulfate proteoglycan catabolic process; positive regulation of blood coagulation; positive regulation of osteoblast proliferation; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade; proteoglycan metabolic process; regulation of hair follicle development