CTNNG: Common junctional plaque protein. The membrane- associated plaques are architectural elements in an important strategic position to influence the arrangement and function of both the cytoskeleton and the cells within the tissue. The presence of plakoglobin in both the desmosomes and in the intermediate junctions suggests that it plays a central role in the structure and function of submembranous plaques. Acts as a substrate for VE-PTP and is required by it to stimulate VE- cadherin function in endothelial cells. Can replace beta-catenin in E-cadherin/catenin adhesion complexes which are proposed to couple cadherins to the actin cytoskeleton. Homodimer. Component of an E-cadherin/ catenin adhesion complex composed of at least E-cadherin/CDH1 and gamma- catenin/JUP, and possibly alpha-catenin/CTNNA1; the complex is located to adherens junctions. The stable association of CTNNA1 is controversial as CTNNA1 was shown not to bind to F-actin when assembled in the complex. Interacts with MUC1. Interacts with CAV1. Interacts with PTPRJ. Interacts with DSC2. Belongs to the beta-catenin family.
Protein type: Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Cytoskeletal
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17q21
Cellular Component: catenin complex; cell-cell adherens junction; cytoplasm; cytoskeleton; cytosol; desmosome; extracellular matrix; focal adhesion; hemidesmosome; intercellular junction; internal side of plasma membrane; nucleus; plasma membrane; zonula adherens
Molecular Function: alpha-catenin binding; cadherin binding; cell adhesion molecule binding; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; protein phosphatase binding; structural constituent of cell wall; transcription coactivator activity
Biological Process: cell migration; cell-cell adhesion; detection of mechanical stimulus; positive regulation of protein import into nucleus; positive regulation of transcription factor activity; regulation of cell proliferation
Disease: Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia, Familial, 12; Naxos Disease
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