PTGDS cDNA Clone – Prostaglandin D2 Synthase 21kDa (Brain) (Human)

The protein encoded by this gene is a glutathione-independent prostaglandin D synthase that catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) to postaglandin D2 (PGD2). PGD2 functions as a neuromodulator as well as a trophic factor in the central nervous system. PGD2 is also involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. This gene is preferentially expressed in brain. Studies with transgenic mice overexpressing this gene suggest that this gene may be also involved in the regulation of non-rapid eye movement sleep. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PTGDS: Catalyzes the conversion of PGH2 to PGD2, a prostaglandin involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Involved in a variety of CNS functions, such as sedation, NREM sleep and PGE2-induced allodynia, and may have an anti-apoptotic role in oligodendrocytes. Binds small non-substrate lipophilic molecules, including biliverdin, bilirubin, retinal, retinoic acid and thyroid hormone, and may act as a scavenger for harmful hydrophopic molecules and as a secretory retinoid and thyroid hormone transporter. Possibly involved in development and maintenance of the blood-brain, blood-retina, blood-aqueous humor and blood-testis barrier. It is likely to play important roles in both maturation and maintenance of the central nervous system and male reproductive system. Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.

Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; EC 5.3.99.2; Lipid Metabolism - arachidonic acid; Secreted; Endoplasmic reticulum; Isomerase

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 9q34.2-q34.3

Cellular Component: endoplasmic reticulum membrane; extracellular region; extracellular space; Golgi apparatus; rough endoplasmic reticulum

Molecular Function: fatty acid binding; prostaglandin-D synthase activity; protein binding; retinoid binding; transporter activity

Biological Process: cyclooxygenase pathway; prostaglandin biosynthetic process; regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep; transport