RTN4 cDNA Clone – Reticulon 4 (Human)

This gene belongs to the family of reticulon encoding genes. Reticulons are associated with the endoplasmic reticulum, and are involved in neuroendocrine secretion or in membrane trafficking in neuroendocrine cells. The product of this gene is a potent neurite outgrowth inhibitor which may also help block the regeneration of the central nervous system in higher vertebrates. Alternatively spliced transcript variants derived both from differential splicing and differential promoter usage and encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Nogo: Developmental neurite growth regulatory factor with a role as a negative regulator of axon-axon adhesion and growth, and as a facilitator of neurite branching. Regulates neurite fasciculation, branching and extension in the developing nervous system. Involved in down-regulation of growth, stabilization of wiring and restriction of plasticity in the adult CNS. Regulates the radial migration of cortical neurons via an RTN4R-LINGO1 containing receptor complex. Isoform 2 reduces the anti-apoptotic activity of Bcl-xl and Bcl-2. This is likely consecutive to their change in subcellular location, from the mitochondria to the endoplasmic reticulum, after binding and sequestration. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 inhibit BACE1 activity and amyloid precursor protein processing. 6 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Inhibitor; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Endoplasmic reticulum; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Membrane protein, integral; Cell development/differentiation

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2p16.3

Cellular Component: cell-cell adherens junction; endoplasmic reticulum; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; integral to endoplasmic reticulum membrane; intracellular; nuclear envelope; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: protein binding

Biological Process: axonal fasciculation; cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration; negative regulation of axon extension; negative regulation of axonogenesis; negative regulation of cell growth; nuclear pore complex assembly