PKR Blocking Peptide

The protein encoded by this gene is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated by autophosphorylation after binding to dsRNA. The activated form of the encoded protein can phosphorylate translation initiation factor EIF2S1, which in turn inhibits protein synthesis. This protein is also activated by manganese ions and heparin. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

PKR: a protein kinase of the PEK family. Upon binding double-stranded RNA, it becomes autophosphorylated and activated. Phosphorylates and inhibits the alpha subunit of eIF2 alpha, which leads to an inhibition of the initiation of protein synthesis. Controls the activation of several transcription factors such as NF-kappaB, p53 and Stats. Mediates apoptosis induced by many different stimuli, such as LPS, TNF-alpha, viral infection and serum starvation.

Protein type: Protein kinase, Other; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); Translation; EC 2.7.11.1; Kinase, protein; EC 2.7.10.2; Other group; PEK family

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2p22-p21

Cellular Component: membrane; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cytoplasm; ribosome; cytosol; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; double-stranded RNA binding; non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity; protein phosphatase type 2A regulator activity; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha kinase activity; ATP binding; protein kinase activity

Biological Process: positive regulation of cytokine production; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; translation; activation of MAPKK activity; transcription, DNA-dependent; unfolded protein response; response to virus; protein amino acid autophosphorylation; viral infectious cycle; protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of chemokine production; evasion by virus of host immune response; positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of viral genome replication; modification by virus of host cellular process; negative regulation of translation; virus-host interaction; innate immune response; negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation; defense response to virus; negative regulation of apoptosis