CD274 / Pd-L1 Immunizing Blocking Peptide

This gene encodes an immune inhibitory receptor ligand that is expressed by hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, such as T cells and B cells and various types of tumor cells. The encoded protein is a type I transmembrane protein that has immunoglobulin V-like and C-like domains. Interaction of this ligand with its receptor inhibits T-cell activation and cytokine production. During infection or inflammation of normal tissue, this interaction is important for preventing autoimmunity by maintaining homeostasis of the immune response. In tumor microenvironments, this interaction provides an immune escape for tumor cells through cytotoxic T-cell inactivation. Expression of this gene in tumor cells is considered to be prognostic in many types of human malignancies, including colon cancer and renal cell carcinoma. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

CD274: Involved in the costimulatory signal, essential for T- cell proliferation and production of IL10 and IFNG, in an IL2- dependent and a PDCD1-independent manner. Interaction with PDCD1 inhibits T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. BTN/MOG family. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 9p24

Cellular Component: endomembrane system; external side of plasma membrane; integral to membrane; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: protein binding

Biological Process: cell surface receptor linked signal transduction; immune response; negative regulation of activated T cell proliferation; negative regulation of interferon-gamma production; negative regulation of interleukin-10 production; positive regulation of cell migration; positive regulation of T cell proliferation; regulation of activated T cell proliferation; response to cytokine stimulus; signal transduction; T cell costimulation