EXOSC9 Peptide - Middle Region Blocking Peptide

This gene encodes a component of the human exosome, a exoribonuclease complex which processes and degrades RNA in the nucleus and cytoplasm. This component may play a role in mRNA degradation and the polymyositis/scleroderma autoantigen complex. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

EXOSC9: Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. EXOSC9 binds to ARE-containing RNAs. Belongs to the RNase PH family. 4 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: EC 3.1.13.-; Ribonuclease; RNA processing; Nucleolus

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q27

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; nuclear chromosome; intermediate filament cytoskeleton; cytoplasm; nucleolus; exosome (RNase complex); nucleus; cytosol; nuclear exosome (RNase complex)

Molecular Function: protein binding; 3'-5'-exoribonuclease activity; exoribonuclease activity; RNA binding; AU-rich element binding

Biological Process: immune response; gene expression; positive regulation of cell growth; rRNA processing; mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay