PARP1 Blocking Peptide – >85% Purity

This gene encodes a chromatin-associated enzyme, poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase, which modifies various nuclear proteins by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. The modification is dependent on DNA and is involved in the regulation of various important cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and tumor transformation and also in the regulation of the molecular events involved in the recovery of cell from DNA damage. In addition, this enzyme may be the site of mutation in Fanconi anemia, and may participate in the pathophysiology of type I diabetes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PARP1: Involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, by catalyzing the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of a limited number of acceptor proteins involved in chromatin architecture and in DNA metabolism. This modification follows DNA damages and appears as an obligatory step in a detection/signaling pathway leading to the reparation of DNA strand breaks. Mediates the poly(ADP- ribosyl)ation of APLF and CHFR. Positively regulates the transcription of MTUS1 and negatively regulates the transcription of MTUS2/TIP150. With EEF1A1 and TXK, forms a complex that acts as a T-helper 1 (Th1) cell-specific transcription factor and binds the promoter of IFN-gamma to directly regulate its transcription, and is thus involved importantly in Th1 cytokine production. Component of a base excision repair (BER) complex, containing at least XRCC1, PARP2, POLB and LRIG3. Homo- and heterodimer with PARP2. Interacts with PARP3, APTX and SRY. The SWAP complex consists of NPM1, NCL, PARP1 and SWAP70. Interacts with TIAM2 and ZNF423. Interacts (when poly-ADP- ribosylated) with CHD1L. Interacts with the DNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunit POLA1; this interaction functions as part of the control of replication fork progression. Interacts with EEF1A1, RNF4 and TXK.

Protein type: Transferase; Nucleolus; Nuclear receptor co-regulator; DNA repair, damage; EC 2.4.2.30; Nuclear envelope

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q41-q42

Cellular Component: membrane; mitochondrion; nuclear chromosome, telomeric region; nuclear envelope; nucleolus; nucleoplasm; nucleus; protein complex; transcription factor complex

Molecular Function: chromatin binding; DNA binding; DNA ligase (ATP) activity; enzyme binding; histone deacetylase binding; identical protein binding; NAD binding; NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity; protein binding; protein kinase binding; protein N-terminus binding; transcription factor binding; zinc ion binding

Biological Process: base-excision repair; behavioral response to cocaine; cellular protein metabolic process; cellular response to insulin stimulus; DNA damage response, detection of DNA damage; DNA ligation during DNA repair; DNA repair; double-strand break repair; double-strand break repair via homologous recombination; gene expression; lagging strand elongation; macrophage differentiation; mitochondrial DNA metabolic process; mitochondrial DNA repair; mitochondrion organization and biogenesis; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; nucleotide-excision repair; nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition; nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; post-translational protein modification; protein amino acid ADP-ribosylation; protein autoprocessing; protein sumoylation; regulation of growth rate; response to DNA damage stimulus; telomere maintenance; transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; transcription, DNA-dependent; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway