CD86/B7-2 Antibody – Rat Monoclonal

This gene encodes a type I membrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is expressed by antigen-presenting cells, and it is the ligand for two proteins at the cell surface of T cells, CD28 antigen and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. Binding of this protein with CD28 antigen is a costimulatory signal for activation of the T-cell. Binding of this protein with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 negatively regulates T-cell activation and diminishes the immune response. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding different isoforms.[provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

CD86: Receptor involved in the costimulatory signal essential for T-lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 production, by binding CD28 or CTLA-4. May play a critical role in the early events of T-cell activation and costimulation of naive T-cells, such as deciding between immunity and anergy that is made by T- cells within 24 hours after activation. Isoform 2 interferes with the formation of CD86 clusters, and thus acts as a negative regulator of T-cell activation. 4 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Immunoglobulin superfamily; Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3q13.33

Cellular Component: cell surface; integral to membrane; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity; protein binding; receptor activity

Biological Process: cell-cell signaling; immune response; phosphoinositide-mediated signaling; positive regulation of cell proliferation; regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade; T cell activation; T cell costimulation