Prohibitin (PHB) ELISA Kit for Mouse

This gene is evolutionarily conserved, and its product is proposed to play a role in human cellular senescence and tumor suppression. Antiproliferative activity is reported to be localized to the 3' UTR, which is proposed to function as a trans-acting regulatory RNA. Several pseudogenes of this gene have been identified. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

PHB: a pleiotropic membrane protein that suppresses cell proliferation, apoptosis and senescence. It plays a role both in maintaining mitochondrial integrity and in cell cycle regulation. Expression increases approximately 3-fold upon entry into G1 phase compared with other phases of the cell cycle. It helps prevent ROS-induced senescence and its expression decreases heterogeneously during cellular aging. Helps maintain the angiogenic capacity of endothelial cells. Up-regulated during activation of primary human T cells via CD3/CD28 pathways. Present in multiple cellular compartments. Large assemblies of PHB and PHB2 localize in the inner membrane of mitochondria. Acts as a mitochondrial chaperone protein, regulates mitochondrial morphogenesis, and helps regulate the organization of mitochondrial DNA. Reported to target lipid rafts. In the nucleus, it has been reported to interact with various transcription factors, modulating their activity. A potential tumor suppressor that functions as a potent transcriptional corepressor for estrogen receptor alpha. It is downregulated by androgens, and represses androgen receptor activity. Co-localizes with Rb in the nucleus and recruits N-CoR and HDAC1 for transcriptional repression. In vivo promoter occupancy studies have suggested that the PHB gene is a direct target of c-Myc. May bind to and enhance the transcriptional activity of p53. Both Phb and Phb2 are present in the circulation and can be internalized by cultured cells. Overexpressed in endometrioid ovarian adenocarcinoma and papillary serous ovarian carcinoma. Mutated in sporadic breast cancer.

Protein type: Cell cycle regulation; Mitochondrial; Apoptosis; Transcription, coactivator/corepressor; Nuclear receptor co-regulator; Chaperone; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Oncoprotein

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17q21

Cellular Component: cell surface; cytoplasm; early endosome; integral to plasma membrane; membrane; mitochondrial inner membrane; mitochondrion; myelin sheath; nucleoplasm; nucleus; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: complement component C3a binding; complement component C3b binding; enzyme binding; histone deacetylase binding; protein binding; protein C-terminus binding; proteinase activated receptor binding

Biological Process: histone deacetylation; mitochondrion organization and biogenesis; negative regulation of cell growth; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of protein catabolic process; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; osteoblast differentiation; positive regulation of complement activation; positive regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; progesterone receptor signaling pathway; protein stabilization; regulation of apoptosis; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; signal transduction

Disease: Breast Cancer