MD-2 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes a protein which associates with toll-like receptor 4 on the cell surface and confers responsiveness to lipopolysaccyaride (LPS), thus providing a link between the receptor and LPS signaling. Studies of the mouse ortholog suggest that this gene may be involved in endotoxin neutralization. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

LY96: a secreted protein that binds to the extracellular domains of TLR2 and TLR4. Cooperates with TLR4 in the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and with TLR2 in the response to cell wall components from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Enhances TLR4-dependent activation of NF-kappa-B. Cells expressing both LY96 and TLR4, but not TLR4 alone, respond to LPS. Heterogeneous homopolymer formed from homodimers; disulfide-linked. Belongs to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor complex, a multi-protein complex containing at least CD14, LY96 and TLR4. Ligand binding induces interaction with TLR4 and oligomerization of the complex.

Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 8q21.11

Cellular Component: extracellular space; plasma membrane; lipopolysaccharide receptor complex; endosome membrane

Molecular Function: protein binding; coreceptor activity; lipopolysaccharide receptor activity

Biological Process: I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; response to lipopolysaccharide; toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway; toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway; MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway; cell surface receptor linked signal transduction; detection of lipopolysaccharide; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; toll-like receptor signaling pathway; cellular defense response; innate immune response; inflammatory response; toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway