STOML2 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

Function: Mitochondrial protein that probably regulates the biogenesis and the activity of mitochondria. Stimulates cardiolipin biosynthesis, binds cardiolipin-enriched membranes where it recruits and stabilizes some proteins including prohibitin and may therefore act in the organization of functional microdomains in mitochondrial membranes. Through regulation of the mitochondrial function may play a role into several biological processes including cell migration, cell proliferation, T-cell activation, calcium homeostasis and cellular response to stress. May play a role in calcium homeostasis through negative regulation of calcium efflux from mitochondria. Required for mitochondrial hyperfusion a pro-survival cellular response to stress which results in increased ATP production by mitochondria. May also regulate the organization of functional domains at the plasma membrane and play a role in T-cell activation through association with the T-cell receptor signaling complex and its regulation. Ref.12 Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.18 Ref.20 Ref.21

Subunit structure: Forms homooligomers. Interacts with MFN2; may form heterooligomers. Interacts with CACNA2D2

By similarity. Interacts with PHB and PHB2; recruits them to cardiolipin-enriched mitochondrial membranes and stabilizes them. Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.20 Ref.21

Subcellular location: Mitochondrion inner membrane. Mitochondrion intermembrane space. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Membrane raft; Peripheral membrane protein. Note: Behaves as an integral membrane protein of the mitochondrion despite the absence of a detectable transmembrane domain. A minor pool is associated with the plasma membrane and is enriched at the immunological synapse in activated T-cells. Also associates with the actin cytoskeleton and membrane rafts in activated T-cells. Ref.1 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.20 Ref.21

Tissue specificity: Ubiquitously expressed at low levels. Expressed in lymphoid tissues (at protein level). Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.14

Induction: Up-regulated in activated B- and T-cells and upon mitochondrial stress by chloramphenicol. Ref.14 Ref.20

Post-translational modification: Hyperphosphorylated at Ser-17 in some patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), multiple myeloma (MM) and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia due to impaired dephosphorylation by PP2A.

Miscellaneous: Paratarg-7/STOML2 is a frequent autoantigenic target in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), multiple myeloma (MM) and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, 3 B-cell neoplasms associated with excessive secretion of a single monoclonal gammaglobulin (also named paraprotein) in the blood (Ref.16).

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the band 7/mec-2 family.

Sequence caution: The sequence AAC07983.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction. The sequence AAF29073.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at positions 14 and 26.