CTNND1 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes a member of the Armadillo protein family, which function in adhesion between cells and signal transduction. Multiple translation initiation codons and alternative splicing result in many different isoforms being translated. Not all of the full-length natures of the described transcript variants have been determined. Read-through transcription also exists between this gene and the neighboring upstream thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 2 (TMX2) gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

Function: Binds to and inhibits the transcriptional repressor ZBTB33, which may lead to activation of target genes of the Wnt signaling pathway

By similarity. Associates with and regulates the cell adhesion properties of both C-, E- and N-cadherins, being critical for their surface stability. Implicated both in cell transformation by SRC and in ligand-induced receptor signaling through the EGF, PDGF, CSF-1 and ERBB2 receptors. Promotes GLIS2 C-terminal cleavage. Ref.17 Ref.26

Subunit structure: Belongs to a multiprotein cell-cell adhesion complex that also contains E-cadherin, alpha-catenin, beta-catenin, and gamma-catenin. Binds to the C-terminal fragment of PSEN1 and mutually competes for E-cadherin. Interacts with ZBTB33. Interacts with GLIS2. Interacts with NANOS1 (via N-terminal region). Interacts with FER. Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.12 Ref.17 Ref.26

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus Ref.9 Ref.12 Ref.15. Cell membrane. Note: Interaction with GLIS2 promotes nuclear translocation

By similarity. Detected at cell-cell contacts. NANOS1 induces its translocation from sites of cell-cell contact to the cytoplasm. Isoforms 4A and 1AB are excluded from the nucleus. Ref.9 Ref.12 Ref.15Isoform 1A: Nucleus Ref.9 Ref.12 Ref.15. Isoform 2A: Nucleus Ref.9 Ref.12 Ref.15. Isoform 3A: Nucleus Ref.9 Ref.12 Ref.15.

Tissue specificity: Expressed in vascular endothelium. Melanocytes and melanoma cells primarily express the long isoform 1A, whereas keratinocytes express shorter isoforms, especially 3A. The shortest isoform 4A, is detected in normal keratinocytes and melanocytes, and generally lost from cells derived from squamous cell carcinomas or melanomas. The C-terminal alternatively spliced exon B is present in the p120ctn transcripts in the colon, intestine and prostate, but lost in several tumor tissues derived from these organs. Ref.9 Ref.11

Induction: Induced in vascular endothelium by wounding. This effect is potentiated by prior laminar shear stress, which enhances wound closure. Ref.11

Domain: A possible nuclear localization signal exists in all isoforms where Asp-626--631-Arg are deleted.ARM repeats 1 to 5 mediate interaction with cadherins.

Post-translational modification: Phosphorylated by FER and other protein-tyrosine kinases. Phosphorylated at Ser-288 by PAK7/PAK5. Dephosphorylated by PTPRJ. Ref.7 Ref.10 Ref.18 Ref.22

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the beta-catenin family.Contains 10 ARM repeats.

Sequence caution: The sequence BAA20838.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally shortened.