PKR Antibody – Polyclonal

The protein encoded by this gene is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated by autophosphorylation after binding to dsRNA. The activated form of the encoded protein can phosphorylate translation initiation factor EIF2S1, which in turn inhibits protein synthesis. This protein is also activated by manganese ions and heparin. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

PKR: a protein kinase of the PEK family. Upon binding double-stranded RNA, it becomes autophosphorylated and activated. Phosphorylates and inhibits the alpha subunit of eIF2 alpha, which leads to an inhibition of the initiation of protein synthesis. Controls the activation of several transcription factors such as NF-kappaB, p53 and Stats. Mediates apoptosis induced by many different stimuli, such as LPS, TNF-alpha, viral infection and serum starvation.

Protein type: Kinase, protein; Translation; Protein kinase, Other; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); EC 2.7.11.1; EC 2.7.10.2; Other group; PEK family

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2p22-p21

Cellular Component: cytoplasm; cytosol; membrane; nucleus; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; ribosome

Molecular Function: ATP binding; double-stranded RNA binding; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha kinase activity; non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity; protein binding; protein kinase activity; protein phosphatase type 2A regulator activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Biological Process: activation of MAPKK activity; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; cellular response to amino acid starvation; defense response to virus; evasion by virus of host immune response; innate immune response; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation; negative regulation of translation; negative regulation of viral genome replication; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of chemokine production; positive regulation of cytokine production; positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade; protein amino acid autophosphorylation; protein amino acid phosphorylation; regulation of protein phosphatase type 2A activity; response to exogenous dsRNA; response to lipopolysaccharide; response to mechanical stimulus; response to toxin; response to virus; response to vitamin E; transcription, DNA-dependent; translation; unfolded protein response