TXNIP Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes a thioredoxin-binding protein that is a member of the alpha arrestin protein family. Thioredoxin is a thiol-oxidoreductase that is a major regulator of cellular redox signaling which protects cells from oxidative stress. This protein inhibits the antioxidative function of thioredoxin resulting in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and cellular stress. This protein also functions as a regulator of cellular metabolism and of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This protein may also function as a tumor suppressor. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

TXNIP: May act as an oxidative stress mediator by inhibiting thioredoxin activity or by limiting its bioavailability. Interacts with COPS5 and restores COPS5-induced suppression of CDKN1B stability, blocking the COPS5-mediated translocation of CDKN1B from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Functions as a transcriptional repressor, possibly by acting as a bridge molecule between transcription factors and corepressor complexes, and over- expression will induce G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Required for the maturation of natural killer cells. Acts as a suppressor of tumor cell growth. Belongs to the arrestin family.

Protein type: Tumor suppressor; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Mitochondrial; Apoptosis

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q21.1

Cellular Component: cytoplasm; mitochondrial intermembrane space; nucleus; cytosol

Molecular Function: enzyme inhibitor activity; protein binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding

Biological Process: response to drug; transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of apoptosis; platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of cell division; cell cycle; response to estradiol stimulus; regulation of cell proliferation; keratinocyte differentiation; response to hydrogen peroxide; protein import into nucleus; response to mechanical stimulus; negative regulation of catalytic activity; response to glucose stimulus; innate immune response; response to progesterone stimulus; response to calcium ion