GATE16 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

GABARAPL2: is a ubiquitin-like protein that is a constituent of the ATG8-conjugation system, one of two evolutionarily conserved phosphatidylethanolamine conjugation systems necessary for the formation of the autophagosome. The human ATG8 system includes seven ubiquitin-like light chain proteins (LCPs) that are homologs of yeast LC3: MAP1LC3A, -B, -C, GABARAP, GABARAPL1, -2, and -3. Pro-LCPs are cleaved by ATG4B to expose a C-terminal glycine residue, the cytosolic LCP-I form. The exposed C-terminus is conjugated to the head group amine of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) through an amide bond by a sequence of ubiquitination-like reactions that involves an E1 (ATG7), an E2 (ATG3), and an E3 (a complex including ATG5, ATG12, and ATG16L). The PE-congugated form (LCP-II) is tightly associated with the autophagosomal membrane. The LCP-II forms can also be delipidated by the ATG4 proteases: most of the LCPs are delipidated and liberated from the membrane before autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes. Implicated in intra-Golgi transport and post-mitotic Golgi re-assembly. Modulates the activity of SNAREs in the Golgi apparatus and is therefore an essential component of intra-Golgi transport and post-mitotic Golgi re-assembly. It first stimulates the ATPase activity of NSF, which in turn stimulates the association with GOSR1. Interacts with GABRG2, NSF, GOSR1 and beta-tubulin. Interacts with ULK1. Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR.

Protein type: Microtubule-binding; Autophagy; Vesicle; Adaptor/scaffold; Ubiquitin-like modifier

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 16q22.1

Cellular Component: Golgi membrane; Golgi apparatus; extrinsic to membrane; cytoplasm; autophagic vacuole; intracellular; cytoplasmic vesicle; cytosol

Molecular Function: protein binding; SNARE binding; microtubule binding; beta-tubulin binding; GABA receptor binding; ATPase binding

Biological Process: intra-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport; protein transport; positive regulation of ATPase activity; mitochondrion degradation; autophagy; autophagic vacuole formation; cellular response to nitrogen starvation