Phospho-ULK2 (S323) (ULK2) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes a protein that is similar to a serine/threonine kinase in C. elegans which is involved in axonal elongation. The structure of this protein is similar to the C. elegans protein in that both proteins have an N-terminal kinase domain, a central proline/serine rich (PS) domain, and a C-terminal (C) domain. The gene is located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2008]

ULK2: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in autophagy in response to starvation. Acts upstream of phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase PIK3C3 to regulate the formation of autophagophores, the precursors of autophagosomes. Part of regulatory feedback loops in autophagy: acts both as a downstream effector and a negative regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) via interaction with RPTOR. Activated via phosphorylation by AMPK, also acts as a negative regulator of AMPK through phosphorylation of the AMPK subunits PRKAA1, PRKAB2 and PRKAG1. May phosphorylate ATG13/KIAA0652, FRS2, FRS3 and RPTOR; however such data need additional evidences. Not involved in ammonia-induced autophagy or in autophagic response of cerebellar granule neurons (CGN) to low potassium concentration. Plays a role early in neuronal differentiation and is required for granule cell axon formation: may govern axon formation via Ras-like GTPase signaling and through regulation of the Rab5-mediated endocytic pathways within developing axons. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. APG1/unc-51/ULK1 subfamily.

Protein type: EC 2.7.11.1; Autophagy; Protein kinase, Other; Kinase, protein; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); Other group; ULK family

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17p11.2

Cellular Component: cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; pre-autophagosomal structure membrane; cytosol

Molecular Function: protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; ATP binding

Biological Process: response to starvation; axon extension; protein amino acid autophosphorylation; regulation of autophagy; negative regulation of collateral sprouting; signal transduction; autophagic vacuole formation