ATG4D Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

Autophagy is the process by which endogenous proteins and damaged organelles are destroyed intracellularly. Autophagy is postulated to be essential for cell homeostasis and cell remodeling during differentiation, metamorphosis, non-apoptotic cell death, and aging. Reduced levels of autophagy have been described in some malignant tumors, and a role for autophagy in controlling the unregulated cell growth linked to cancer has been proposed. This gene encodes a member of the autophagin protein family. The encoded protein is also designated as a member of the C-54 family of cysteine proteases. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ATG4D: Cysteine protease required for autophagy, which cleaves the C-terminal part of either MAP1LC3, GABARAPL2 or GABARAP, allowing the liberation of form I. A subpopulation of form I is subsequently converted to a smaller form (form II). Form II, with a revealed C-terminal glycine, is considered to be the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-conjugated form, and has the capacity for the binding to autophagosomes. Belongs to the peptidase C54 family.

Protein type: EC 3.4.22.-; Ubiquitin conjugating system; Protease; Autophagy

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19p13.2

Cellular Component: mitochondrial matrix; cytoplasm; cytosol

Molecular Function: cysteine-type endopeptidase activity

Biological Process: protein delipidation; apoptosis; mitochondrion degradation; protein processing; C-terminal protein lipidation; protein targeting to membrane; proteolysis; cellular response to nitrogen starvation; autophagic vacuole formation