AMPK Gamma 2 (PRKAG2) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric protein composed of a catalytic alpha subunit, a noncatalytic beta subunit, and a noncatalytic regulatory gamma subunit. Various forms of each of these subunits exist, encoded by different genes. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status and functions by inactivating key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This gene is a member of the AMPK gamma subunit family. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and glycogen storage disease of the heart. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]

AMPKG2: AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Gamma non-catalytic subunit mediates binding to AMP, ADP and ATP, leading to activate or inhibit AMPK: AMP-binding results in allosteric activation of alpha catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2) both by inducing phosphorylation and preventing dephosphorylation of catalytic subunits. ADP also stimulates phosphorylation, without stimulating already phosphorylated catalytic subunit. ATP promotes dephosphorylation of catalytic subunit, rendering the AMPK enzyme inactive. AMPK is a heterotrimer of an alpha catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2), a beta (PRKAB1 or PRKAB2) and a gamma non- catalytic subunits (PRKAG1, PRKAG2 or PRKAG3). Interacts with FNIP1 and FNIP2. Isoform B is ubiquitously expressed except in liver and thymus. The highest level is detected in heart with abundant expression in placenta and testis. Belongs to the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase gamma subunit family. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Protein kinase, regulatory subunit; Autophagy

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7q36.1

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; extracellular space; cytosol; AMP-activated protein kinase complex

Molecular Function: AMP-activated protein kinase activity; cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity; cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity; phosphorylase kinase regulator activity; ADP binding; protein kinase activator activity; protein kinase binding; ATP binding; AMP binding

Biological Process: glycogen metabolic process; mitochondrion organization and biogenesis; organelle organization and biogenesis; cellular lipid metabolic process; carnitine shuttle; protein amino acid phosphorylation; regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process; ATP biosynthetic process; sterol biosynthetic process; regulation of glycolysis; positive regulation of protein kinase activity; regulation of fatty acid metabolic process; energy reserve metabolic process; insulin receptor signaling pathway; regulation of fatty acid oxidation; negative regulation of protein kinase activity; regulation of glucose import; cell cycle arrest; fatty acid biosynthetic process

Disease: Glycogen Storage Disease Of Heart, Lethal Congenital; Cardiomyopathy, Familial Hypertrophic, 6; Wolff-parkinson-white Syndrome