COFILIN Positive Control

The protein encoded by this gene can polymerize and depolymerize F-actin and G-actin in a pH-dependent manner. Increased phosphorylation of this protein by LIM kinase aids in Rho-induced reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Cofilin is a widely distributed intracellular actin-modulating protein that binds and depolymerizes filamentous F-actin and inhibits the polymerization of monomeric G-actin in a pH-dependent manner. It is involved in the translocation of actin-cofilin complex from cytoplasm to nucleus.[supplied by OMIM, Apr 2004]

Cofilin-1: a cytoskeletal protein that controls actin depolymerization. Has a 5-10-fold higher affinity for ATP-actin monomers than cofilin-1. May promote filament assembly rather than disassembly. Two alternatively spliced variants are described. Isoform b is expressed predominantly in skeletal muscle and heart, while isoform a is expressed in various tissues.

Protein type: Cytoskeletal; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Nuclear receptor co-regulator

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11q13

Cellular Component: extracellular space; cortical actin cytoskeleton; focal adhesion; nuclear matrix; membrane; cytoplasm; intercellular junction; nucleus; vesicle

Molecular Function: protein binding; actin binding

Biological Process: platelet activation; axon guidance; actin filament depolymerization; positive regulation of actin filament depolymerization; response to virus; negative regulation of cell size; cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; response to amino acid stimulus; protein amino acid phosphorylation; Rho protein signal transduction; neural fold formation; platelet degranulation; cytokinesis after mitosis; protein import into nucleus; establishment of cell polarity; ephrin receptor signaling pathway; regulation of cell morphogenesis; innate immune response; actin cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; blood coagulation; neural crest cell migration; negative regulation of apoptosis