gE HSV-1/HHV-1 Recombinant Protein

Function: In epithelial cells, the heterodimer gE/gI is required for the cell-to-cell spread of the virus, by sorting nascent virions to cell junctions. Once the virus reaches the cell junctions, virus particles can spread to adjacent cells extremely rapidly through interactions with cellular receptors that accumulate at these junctions. Implicated in basolateral spread in polarized cells

By similarity. In neuronal cells, gE/gI is essential for the anterograde spread of the infection throughout the host nervous system. Together with US9, the heterodimer gE/gI is involved in the sorting and transport of viral structural components toward axon tips. Ref.5 Ref.7The heterodimer gE/gI serves as a receptor for the Fc part of host IgG. Dissociation of gE/gI from IgG occurs at acidic pH. May thus be involved in anti-HSV antibodies bipolar bridging, followed by intracellular endocytosis and degradation, thereby interfering with host IgG-mediated immune responses. Ref.5 Ref.7

Subunit structure: Interacts with gI; this interaction enhances the Fc receptor function of gE

By similarity. The heterodimer gE/gI interacts with the Fc part of host IgG. Interacts (via C-terminus) with VP22 tegument protein; this interaction is necessary for the recruitment of VP22 to the Golgi and its packaging into virions. Interacts (via C-terminus) with UL11 tegument protein. Ref.5 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.10

Subcellular location: Virion membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein

By similarity. Host cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein

By similarity. Host cell junction. Host Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass membrane protein

By similarity. Host endosome membrane; Single-pass membrane protein

By similarity. Note: During virion morphogenesis, this protein probably accumulates in the endosomes and trans-Golgi where secondary envelopment occurs. It is probably transported to the cell surface from where it is endocytosed and directed to the trans-Golgi network (TGN), maybe through an interaction with PACS-1 sorting protein. The heterodimer gE/gI then redistributes to cell junctions to promote cell-cell spread later in the infection.

Post-translational modification: Phosphorylated on serines within the acidic cluster

Potential. Phosphorylation determines whether endocytosed viral gE traffics to the trans-Golgi network or recycles to the cell membrane

Potential. Ref.6N-glycosylated, and sulfated. Ref.4

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the alphaherpesvirinae glycoprotein E family.