TPH1 siRNA – Tryptophan 5-Hydroxylase 1 Isoform 1 (Mouse)

This gene encodes a member of the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family. The encoded protein is one of two tryptophan hydroxylase enzymes that catalyze the first and rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of the hormone and neurotransmitter, serotonin. This gene is expressed in peripheral organs, while tryptophan hydroxylase 2 is expressed in neurons. The encoded protein is involved in the development of hypoxia-induced elevations in pulmonary pressures and pulmonary vascular remodeling, and has also been implicated as a regulator of immune tolerance. Disruption of this gene is associated with cardiac dysfunction. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2013]

TPH1: an enzyme that is rate-limiting in the biosynthesis of serotonin. It catalyzes the biopterin dependent monooxygenation of tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HT), which is subsequently decarboxylated to form the neurotransmitter serotonin. Its expression is limited to a few specialized tissues: raphe neurons, pinealocytes, mast cells, mononuclear leukocytes, beta-cells of the islets of Langerhans, and intestinal and pancreatic enterochromaffin cells. Two alternatively spliced isoforms have been described.

Protein type: EC 1.14.16.4; Amino Acid Metabolism - tryptophan; Oxidoreductase

Cellular Component: neuron projection; cytoplasm

Molecular Function: amino acid binding; oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen; tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity; iron ion binding; metal ion binding; oxidoreductase activity; monooxygenase activity

Biological Process: aromatic amino acid family metabolic process; metabolic process; negative regulation of ossification; positive regulation of fat cell differentiation; bone remodeling; serotonin biosynthetic process