MR1 Positive Control

MAIT (mucosal-associated invariant T-cells) lymphocytes represent a small population of T-cells primarily found in the gut. The protein encoded by this gene is an antigen-presenting molecule that presents metabolites of microbial vitamin B to MAITs. This presentation may activate the MAITs to regulate the amounts of specific types of bacteria in the gut. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene, and a pseudogene of it has been detected about 36 kbp upstream on the same chromosome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]

MR1: Has antigen presentation function. Involved in the development and expansion of a small population of T-cells expressing an invariant T-cell receptor alpha chain called mucosal-associated invariant T-cells (MAIT). MAIT cells are preferentially located in the gut lamina propria and therefore may be involved in monitoring commensal flora or serve as a distress signal. Expression and MAIT cell recognition seem to be ligand- dependent. Belongs to the MHC class I family. 5 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q25.3

Cellular Component: endoplasmic reticulum membrane; endoplasmic reticulum; extracellular region; integral to membrane; plasma membrane; MHC class I protein complex

Molecular Function: MHC class I receptor activity; peptide antigen binding; antigen binding

Biological Process: antigen processing and presentation; antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I; positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity; interleukin-17 production; interleukin-1 beta production; innate immune response; immune response; cytokine production during immune response; signal transduction; defense response to Gram-negative bacterium