member of the ribonuclease T2 family, responds to inorganic phosphate starvation, and inhibits production of anthocyanin. Also involved in wound-induced signaling independent of jasmonic acid.

Encodes the main endoribonuclease activity in plant cells and localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), ER-derived structures, and vacuoles. It is essential for normal ribosomal RNA recycling.

Also known as Ribonuclease 2B (Eosinophil cationic-type ribonuclease 5) (MR-5).
Ear5:

Molecular Function: endonuclease activity; ribonuclease activity

May remobilize phosphate, particularly when cells senesce or when phosphate becomes limiting.

Also known as Ribonuclease 3 1 (Ribonuclease III 1) (RNase III 1).
Digests double-stranded RNA. Involved in the processing of primary rRNA transcript to yield the immediate precursors to the large and small rRNAs (23S and 16S). Processes some mRNAs, and tRNAs when they are encoded in the rRNA operon. Processes pre-crRNA and tracrRNA of type II CRISPR loci if present in the organism.

Also known as Ribonuclease 3 2 (Ribonuclease III 2) (RNase III 2).
Digests double-stranded RNA. Involved in the processing of primary rRNA transcript to yield the immediate precursors to the large and small rRNAs (23S and 16S). Processes some mRNAs, and tRNAs when they are encoded in the rRNA operon. Processes pre-crRNA and tracrRNA of type II CRISPR loci if present in the organism ().

Also known as Ribonuclease 4 (RNase 4).
RNASE4: This RNase has marked specificity towards the 3' side of uridine nucleotides. Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.

Protein type: EC 3.1.27.-; Ribonuclease; Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Cellular Component: extracellular region

Molecular Function: endonuclease activity; ribonuclease activity

Biological Process: cellular response to starvation

Also known as Ribonuclease 7 (RNase 7) (Skin-derived antimicrobial protein 2) (SAP-2).
RNASE7: Exhibits a potent RNase activity. Has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against many pathogenic microorganisms and remarkably potent activity (lethal dose of 90% < 30 nM) against a vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium. Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.

Protein type: EC 3.1.27.-; RNA-binding; Ribonuclease; Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 14q11.2

Cellular Component: extracellular region

Molecular Function: endonuclease activity; lipopolysaccharide binding; peptidoglycan binding; ribonuclease activity

Biological Process: antibacterial humoral response; defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; innate immune response; membrane disruption in another organism

Also known as Ribonuclease 8 (RNase 8).
Has a low ribonuclease activity.

Also known as Ribonuclease ARB_07070 (Major allergen Asp f 1 homolog).
This purine-specific ribonuclease cleaves 28S RNA in eukaryotic ribosomes, inhibits protein synthesis, and shows antitumor activity.

Also known as Ribonuclease BC_0920 (RNase BC_0920) (Toxin BC_0920).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. The C-terminus (residues 322-545) has RNase activity which is neutralized by cognate antitoxin BC-0921, but not by antitoxins specific to other toxins with the LXG domain.

Also known as Ribonuclease BN (RNase BN) (Ribonuclease Z homolog) (RNase Z homolog).
Zinc phosphodiesterase, which has both exoribonuclease and endoribonuclease activities.

Also known as Ribonuclease D (RNase D).
Exonuclease involved in the 3' processing of various precursor tRNAs. Initiates hydrolysis at the 3'-terminus of an RNA molecule and releases 5'-mononucleotides.

Also known as Ribonuclease DdI (RNase DdI).
Releases mononucleotides from RNA in the order of 3'-GMP > 3'-UMP > 3'-AMP > 3'-CMP.

Also known as Ribonuclease E (RNase E).
Endoribonuclease that plays a central role in RNA processing and decay. Plays a major role in pre-16S rRNA maturation, probably generating the mature 5'-end, and a minor role in pre-5S and pre-23S rRNA maturation.

Also known as Ribonuclease G (RNase G) (Cytoplasmic axial filament protein).
Involved in the processing of the 5'-end of 16S rRNA. Could be involved in chromosome segregation and cell division. It may be one of the components of the cytoplasmic axial filaments bundles or merely regulate the formation of this structure ().

Also known as Ribonuclease H (RNase H).
Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids.

Also known as Ribonuclease H1 (RNase H1).
RNASEH1: Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA- DNA hybrids. Belongs to the RNase H family.

Protein type: EC 3.1.26.4; Mitochondrial; RNA-binding; Ribonuclease

Cellular Component: mitochondrion; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein homodimerization activity; ribonuclease H activity

Biological Process: DNA replication, removal of RNA primer; mitochondrial DNA replication

Also known as Ribonuclease H2 subunit A (RNase H2 subunit A).
Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids. Participates in DNA replication ().

Also known as Ribonuclease H2 subunit B (RNase H2 subunit B) (Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 2 protein) (AGS2) (Deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 8) (Ribonuclease HI subunit B).
RNASEH2B: Non catalytic subunit of RNase H2, an endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA:DNA hybrids. Participates in DNA replication, possibly by mediating the removal of lagging- strand Okazaki fragment RNA primers during DNA replication. Mediates the excision of single ribonucleotides from DNA:RNA duplexes. Defects in RNASEH2B are a cause of Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome type 2 (AGS2). A form of Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome, a genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by cerebral atrophy, leukoencephalopathy, intracranial calcifications, chronic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytosis, increased CSF alpha-interferon, and negative serologic investigations for common prenatal infection. Clinical features as thrombocytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly and elevated hepatic transaminases along with intermittent fever may erroneously suggest an infective process. Severe neurological dysfunctions manifest in infancy as progressive microcephaly, spasticity, dystonic posturing and profound psychomotor retardation. Death often occurs in early childhood. Belongs to the RNase H2 subunit B family.

Protein type: DNA replication; RNA processing

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 13q14.3

Biological Process: RNA catabolic process

Disease: Aicardi-goutieres Syndrome 2

Also known as Ribonuclease H2 subunit C (RNase H2 subunit C) (Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 3 protein) (AGS3) (RNase H1 small subunit) (Ribonuclease HI subunit C).
RNASEH2C: Non catalytic subunit of RNase H2, an endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA:DNA hybrids. Participates in DNA replication, possibly by mediating the removal of lagging- strand Okazaki fragment RNA primers during DNA replication. Mediates the excision of single ribonucleotides from DNA:RNA duplexes. Defects in RNASEH2C are the cause of Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome type 3 (AGS3). A form of Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome, a genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by cerebral atrophy, leukoencephalopathy, intracranial calcifications, chronic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytosis, increased CSF alpha-interferon, and negative serologic investigations for common prenatal infection. Clinical features as thrombocytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly and elevated hepatic transaminases along with intermittent fever may erroneously suggest an infective process. Severe neurological dysfunctions manifest in infancy as progressive microcephaly, spasticity, dystonic posturing and profound psychomotor retardation. Death often occurs in early childhood. Belongs to the RNase H2 subunit C family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: DNA replication

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11q13.1

Molecular Function: ribonuclease H activity

Biological Process: RNA catabolic process

Disease: Aicardi-goutieres Syndrome 3

Also known as Ribonuclease HI (Halo-RNase HI) (RNase HI).
Nuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids; seems to act exonucleolytically on RNA/DNA hybrids. Endonucleolytically removes RNA primers from the Okazaki fragments of lagging strand synthesis on its own. Complements the temperature-sensitive phenotype of an E.coli double rnhA/rnhB (RNase H) disruption mutant.

Also known as Ribonuclease HII (RNase HII).
Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids.

Also known as Ribonuclease HII 1 (RNase HII 1).
Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids.

Also known as Ribonuclease HII 2 (RNase HII 2).
Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids.

Also known as Ribonuclease HIII (RNase HIII).
Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids.

Also known as Ribonuclease I (RNase I) (Enterobacter ribonuclease).
One of the few RNases that cleaves the phosphodiester bond between any two nucleotide. Shows a preference for cytidylic or guanylic acid.

Also known as Ribonuclease II, chloroplastic/mitochondrial (AtmtRNaseII) (RNase II) (Protein EMBRYO DEFECTIVE 2730) (Ribonucleotide reductase 1).
Encodes a exoribonuclease involved in rRNA processing in mitochondria and chloroplasts.Loss of function mutations are pale green and require supplementation with sucrose for germination and early development. Plants are pale green due to defects in chloroplast biogenesis.

An RNase that has 5'-3' exonuclease and possibly endoonuclease activity. Degrades 5'-monophosphorylated ssRNA and dsRNA, considerably more active on ssRNA. Association with RhpA significantly increases the dsRNase activity. Stimulates ATPase activity of RNA helicase RhpA. Involved in stabilization of mRNA but apparently not rRNA.

Also known as Ribonuclease J 1 (RNase J 1).
An RNase that has 5'-3' exonuclease and possibly endonuclease activity. Involved in maturation of rRNA and in some organisms also mRNA maturation and/or decay (). Has an overlapping but not completely redundant role with RNase J2 in the decay of mRNA.

Also known as Ribonuclease J 2 (RNase J 2).
An RNase that has 5'-3' exonuclease and possibly endonuclease activity. Involved in maturation of rRNA and in some organisms also mRNA maturation and/or decay (). Has an overlapping but not completely redundant role with RNase J1 in the decay of mRNA.

Also known as Ribonuclease J1 (RNase J1).
An RNase that has endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activity, playing a role in both rRNA and mRNA stability and degradation. Endonuclease activity can cleave within 4 nucleotides of the 5'-end of a triphosphorylated RNA. Endonuclease digestion by the RNase J1/J2 complex occurs at a different site and in some cases more efficiently than J1 or J2 alone. The exonuclease activity of the J1/J2 complex is highly processive on substrates longer than 5 nucleotides, on shorter substrates is distributive. Preferentially cleaves ssRNA, possibly in AU-rich regions. The 5'-exonuclease activity acts on 5'-hydroxyl and 5'-monophosphate but not 5'-triphosphate ends; it can digest through stem-loop structures if they are not too stable. Required for maturation of 16S rRNA. Acts preferentially on 16S rRNA precursors after association of the 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits. Plays a role in the secondary pathway of 23S rRNA 5' end maturation. Probably also participates in processing of pre-scRNA (the precursor of the signal recognition particle RNA).

Also known as Ribonuclease J2 (RNase J2).
Endonucleolytically cleaves the 5'-leader sequence of certain mRNAs. Endonuclease digestion by the RNase J1/J2 complex occurs at a different site and in some cases more efficiently than J1 or J2 alone. The exonuclease activity of the J1/J2 complex is highly processive on substrates longer than 5 nucleotides, on shorter substrates is distributive. Plays a role in mRNA maturation and stability. Appears to have a limited effect on 16S rRNA maturation, despite its similarity to RNase J1. This subunit alone has very poor 5'-3' exonuclease activity.

Also known as Ribonuclease K3 (RNase K3).
Pyrimidine specific nuclease with a preference for U.

Also known as Ribonuclease K6 (RNase K6).
May have a role in host defense.

Also known as Ribonuclease kappa (RNase K) (RNase kappa).
RNAse K: Endoribonuclease which preferentially cleaves ApU and ApG phosphodiester bonds. Hydrolyzes UpU bonds at a lower rate. Belongs to the RNase K family.

Protein type: EC 3.1.-.-; Membrane protein, integral; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Ribonuclease

Molecular Function: endoribonuclease activity

Biological Process: rRNA transcription

Also known as Ribonuclease kappa-B (RNase K-B) (RNase kappa-B).
Endoribonuclease which preferentially cleaves ApU and ApG phosphodiester bonds.

Also known as Ribonuclease M5 (ORF L3) (RNase M5) (Ribosomal RNA terminal maturase M5).
Required for correct processing of both the 5' and 3' ends of 5S rRNA precursor. Cleaves both sides of a double-stranded region yielding mature 5S rRNA in one step.

Also known as Ribonuclease M5 1 (RNase M5 1) (Ribosomal RNA terminal maturase M5 1).
Required for correct processing of both the 5' and 3' ends of 5S rRNA precursor. Cleaves both sides of a double-stranded region yielding mature 5S rRNA in one step.

Also known as Ribonuclease M5 2 (RNase M5 2) (Ribosomal RNA terminal maturase M5 2).
Required for correct processing of both the 5' and 3' ends of 5S rRNA precursor. Cleaves both sides of a double-stranded region yielding mature 5S rRNA in one step.

Also known as Ribonuclease PH (RNase PH) (tRNA nucleotidyltransferase).
Phosphorolytic exoribonuclease that removes nucleotide residues following the -CCA terminus of tRNA and adds nucleotides to the ends of RNA molecules by using nucleoside diphosphates as substrates.

Also known as Ribonuclease R (RNase R).
3'-5' exoribonuclease that releases 5'-nucleoside monophosphates and is involved in maturation of structured RNAs.

Also known as Ribonuclease R 1 (RNase R 1) (VacB protein homolog 1).
3'-5' exoribonuclease that releases 5'-nucleoside monophosphates and is involved in maturation of structured RNAs.

Also known as Ribonuclease R 2 (RNase R 2) (VacB protein homolog 2).
3'-5' exoribonuclease that releases 5'-nucleoside monophosphates and is involved in maturation of structured RNAs.

Also known as Ribonuclease T (Exoribonuclease T) (RNase T).
Trims short 3' overhangs of a variety of RNA species, leaving a one or two nucleotide 3' overhang. Responsible for the end-turnover of tRNA: specifically removes the terminal AMP residue from uncharged tRNA (tRNA-C-C-A). Also appears to be involved in tRNA biosynthesis.

Has ribonuclease activity, with higher activity at acidic pH. May play a role in cellular RNA catabolism. Probably is involved in lysosomal degradation of ribosomal RNA ().

Also known as Ribonuclease T2-like (RNase T2-like).
Rnase which modulates cell survival under stress conditions. Released from the vacuole to the cytoplasm during stress to promote tRNA and rRNA cleavage and to activate separately a downstream pathway that promotes cell death. Involved in cell size, vacuolar morphology and growth at high temperatures and high salt concentration ().

Also known as Ribonuclease T2-like 1-A (RNase T2-like A).
Rnase which modulates cell survival under stress conditions. Released from the vacuole to the cytoplasm during stress to promote tRNA and rRNA cleavage and to activate separately a downstream pathway that promotes cell death. Involved in cell size, vacuolar morphology and growth at high temperatures and high salt concentration ().

Also known as Ribonuclease T2-like 1-B (RNase T2-like B).
Rnase which modulates cell survival under stress conditions. Released from the vacuole to the cytoplasm during stress to promote tRNA and rRNA cleavage and to activate separately a downstream pathway that promotes cell death. Involved in cell size, vacuolar morphology and growth at high temperatures and high salt concentration ().

Has endoribonuclease activity towards 23S and 16S rRNA (in vitro).

Also known as Ribonuclease TUDOR 1 (AtTudor1) (TUDOR-SN protein 1).
RNA binding protein with nuclease activity essential for stress response. Involved in mechanisms acting on mRNAs entering the secretory pathway. Functionally redundant with TSN2.

Also known as Ribonuclease TUDOR 2 (AtTudor2) (TUDOR-SN protein 2) (100 kDa coactivator-like protein).
Involved in the regulation of AtGA20ox3 expression, as well as seed germination.

Also known as Ribonuclease U2 (RNase U2).

Endoribonuclease responsible for the inhibition of the translation by cleaving mRNA. Inhibits cell-free protein synthesis. Cleaves phosphodiester bonds only in single-stranded RNA ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC (RNase VapC) (Endoribonuclease VapC) (Toxin VapC).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. A sequence-specific endoribonuclease, cleavage occurs after the first AU in the consensus sequence AUA(U/A); RNA secondary structure is probably important in substrate choice. Cuts in 5' and 3' UTRs. The TA module acts as a post-transcriptional regulator of carbon metabolism; in M.smegmatis 3 TA modules (VapB-VapC, MazE-MazF and Phd-Doc) may be involved in monitoring the nutritional supply and physiological state of the cell, linking catabolic with anabolic reactions. When overexpressed inhibits cell growth, via translation; 10-fold in a wild-type strain, 100-fold in a vapB-vapC disruption mutant (PubMed:19445953). Overexpression of VapC leads to differential expression of 205 genes; many down-regulated genes are predicted to be involved in the transport and catabolism of carbohydrates, while genes involved in phosphate transport and scavenging are up-regulated. VapC is bacteriostatic, not bacteriocidal; cells are ovoid, non-replicating and have decreased transcription, becoming dormant (PubMed:24417293). Digests ssRNA but not tRNA, dsRNA, ssDNA or dsDNA. The VapB-VapC complex binds its own promoter DNA, and VapC alone binds RNA.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC1 (RNase VapC) (Toxin VapC).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. Acts as an RNase, its toxic effect is neutralized by VapB1 antitoxin ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC10 (RNase VapC10) (Toxin VapC10).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. The cognate antitoxin is VapB10 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC11 (RNase VapC11) (Toxin VapC11).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. Acts as an RNase. Its toxic effects on cell growth and colony formation are neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB11 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC12 (RNase VapC12) (Toxin VapC12).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. The cognate antitoxin is VapB12 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC13 (RNase VapC13) (Toxin VapC13).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. The cognate antitoxin is VapB13 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC14 (RNase VapC14) (Toxin VapC14).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. The cognate antitoxin is VapB14 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC15 (RNase VapC15) (Toxin VapC15).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its toxic effect is neutralized by cognate antitoxin VapB15 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC16 (RNase VapC16) (Toxin VapC16).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. The cognate antitoxin is VapB16 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC17 (RNase VapC17) (Toxin VapC17).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. The cognate antitoxin is VapB17 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC18 (RNase VapC18) (Toxin VapC18).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. The cognate antitoxin is VapB18 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC19 (RNase VapC19) (Toxin VapC19).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB19.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC2 (RNase VapC2) (Putative toxin VapC2).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB2 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC21 (RNase VapC21) (Toxin VapC21).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB21 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC22 (RNase VapC22) (Toxin VapC22).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits translation and colony formation. Its toxic effect on colony formation is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB22; the effect on translation has not been tested but is probably neutralized also.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC23 (RNase VapC23) (Toxin VapC23).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. The cognate antitoxin is VapB23 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC24 (RNase VapC24) (Toxin VapC24).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB24 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC25 (RNase VapC25) (Toxin VapC25).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB25.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC26 (RNase VapC26) (Toxin VapC26).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB26.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC27 (RNase VapC27) (Toxin VapC27).
Probably the toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Its cognate antitoxin is VapB27.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC28 (RNase VapC28) (Toxin VapC28).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB28 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC29 (RNase VapC29) (Toxin VapC29).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB29 (). Has ribonuclease activity.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC3 (RNase VapC3) (Putative toxin VapC3).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB3 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC30 (RNase VapC30) (Toxin VapC30).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB30.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC31 (RNase VapC31) (Toxin VapC31).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB31 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC32 (RNase VapC32) (Toxin VapC32).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB32.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC33 (RNase VapC33) (Toxin VapC33).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB33.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC35 (RNase VapC35) (Toxin VapC35).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB35.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC36 (RNase VapC36) (Toxin VapC36).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB36 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC37 (RNase VapC37) (Toxin VapC37).
Probable toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation. The putative cognate antitoxin is VapB37.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC38 (RNase VapC38) (Toxin VapC38).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB38 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC39 (RNase VapC39) (Toxin VapC39).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB39 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC4 (RNase VapC4) (Putative toxin VapC4).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB4 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC40 (RNase VapC40) (Toxin VapC40).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Its cognate antitoxin is VapB40.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC41 (RNase VapC41) (Toxin VapC41).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB41.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC42 (RNase VapC42) (Toxin VapC42).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB42 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC43 (RNase VapC43) (Toxin VapC43).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB43 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC44 (RNase VapC44) (Toxin VapC44).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB44 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC45 (RNase VapC45) (Toxin VapC45).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB45 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC46 (RNase VapC46) (Toxin VapC46).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase (). Upon expression in M.smegmatis inhibits colony formation. Its toxic effect is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB46.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC47 (RNase VapC47) (Toxin VapC47).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its toxic effect on colony formation is neutralized by coexpression with cognate antitoxin VapB47 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC48 (RNase VapC48) (Toxin VapC48).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB48.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC49 (RNase VapC49) (Toxin VapC49).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB49 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC5 (RNase VapC5) (Toxin VapC5).
Probable toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. The cognate antitoxin is VapB5. Has limited RNase activity on substrates; activity is seen with a VapC5-VapB5 complex.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC51 (RNase VapC51) (Toxin VapC51).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. Its cognate antitoxin is VapB51.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC6 (RNase VapC6) (Putative toxin VapC6).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase.

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC7 (RNase VapC7) (Toxin VapC7).
Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. The cognate antitoxin is VapB7 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC8 (RNase VapC8) (Toxin VapC8).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase. The cognate antitoxin is VapB8 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease VapC9 (RNase VapC9) (Putative toxin VapC9).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. An RNase.

Also known as Ribonuclease Y (RNase Y).
Endoribonuclease that initiates mRNA decay.

Also known as Ribonuclease Y 1 (RNase Y 1).
Endoribonuclease that initiates mRNA decay.

Also known as Ribonuclease Y 2 (RNase Y 2).
Endoribonuclease that initiates mRNA decay.

Also known as Ribonuclease YobL (RNase YobL) (Toxin YobL).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. The C-terminus (residues 449-600) has RNase activity, and inhibits growth upon expression in E.coli. In vitro RNase activity and in vivo growth inhibition are neutralized by cognate antitoxin YobK, but not by antitoxins specific to other toxins with the LXG domain.

Also known as Ribonuclease YqcG (RNase YqcG) (Toxin YqcG).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. The C-terminus (residues 379-531) has RNase activity, and inhibits growth upon expression in E.coli. In vitro RNase activity and in vivo growth inhibition are neutralized by cognate antitoxin YqcF, but not by antitoxins specific to other toxins with the LXG domain.

Also known as Ribonuclease YxiD (RNase YxiD) (Toxin YxiD).
Toxic component of a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. The C-terminus (residues 409-569) has RNase activity, and inhibits growth upon expression in E.coli. In vitro RNase activity and in vivo growth inhibition are neutralized by cognate antitoxin YxxD, but not by antitoxins specific to other toxins with the LXG domain.

Also known as Ribonuclease Z (RNase Z) (CeELAC2) (Homolog of ELAC2 protein 1) (tRNA 3 endonuclease) (tRNase Z).
Zinc phosphodiesterase, which displays some tRNA 3'-processing endonuclease activity. Probably involved in tRNA maturation, by removing a 3'-trailer from precursor tRNA (). Involved in germline proliferation. May be required for both mitosis and meiosis in germ cells.

Also known as Ribonuclease Z 1 (RNase Z 1) (tRNA 3 endonuclease 1) (tRNase Z 1).
Zinc phosphodiesterase, which displays some tRNA 3'-processing endonuclease activity. May be involved in tRNA maturation, by removing a 3'-trailer from precursor tRNA.

Also known as Ribonuclease Z 2, mitochondrial (RNase Z 2) (tRNA 3 endonuclease 2) (tRNase Z 2).
Zinc phosphodiesterase, which displays some tRNA 3'-processing endonuclease activity. May be involved in tRNA maturation, by removing a 3'-trailer from precursor tRNA.

Also known as Ribonuclease ZC3H12A (Zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 12A).
Has RNase activity and selectively degrades specific target mRNA species. Modulates the immune response and inflammation by regulating the decay of specific mRNA molecules. Recognizes the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of the mRNA for IL6, CALCR and IL12B. Required for normal decay of IL6 mRNA. Triggers apoptosis and promotes angiogenesis in response to the binding of CCL2 to CCR2. Regulates expression of CDH12 and CHD19 ().

Also known as Ribonuclease-like 3 (RNase ZF-3) (RNase-like 3) (ZF-RNase-3) (Dr-RNase 1).
Ribonuclease. Angiogenic. Plays a role in host defense. Exhibits strong antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria but mild antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The RNase activity is not required for the bactericidal activity.