RAP1A siRNA – Ras-Related Protein Rap-1a (Human)

This gene encodes a member of the Ras family of small GTPases. The encoded protein undergoes a change in conformational state and activity, depending on whether it is bound to GTP or GDP. This protein is activated by several types of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), and inactivated by two groups of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). The activation status of the encoded protein is therefore affected by the balance of intracellular levels of GEFs and GAPs. The encoded protein regulates signaling pathways that affect cell proliferation and adhesion, and may play a role in tumor malignancy. Pseudogenes of this gene have been defined on chromosomes 14 and 17. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

RAP1A: a small G protein of the Ras family with tumor suppressor activity. Induces morphological reversion of a cell line transformed by a Ras oncogene. Activated by guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (GEF) EPAC and EPAC2 in a cAMP-dependent manner, and GFR. Counteracts the mitogenic function of Ras, at least partly because it can interact with Ras GAPs and RAF in a competitive manner. Interacts with SGSM1, SGSM2 and SGSM3.

Protein type: G protein; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Tumor suppressor; G protein, monomeric; G protein, monomeric, Ras

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1p13.3

Cellular Component: neuron projection; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; late endosome; cytoplasm; early endosome; plasma membrane; cell junction; cytosol

Molecular Function: GTPase activity; protein binding; Rap guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity; Ras GTPase binding; GTP binding; protein complex binding; protein transporter activity

Biological Process: microvillus biogenesis; platelet activation; protein transport; activation of MAPKK activity; nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of protein kinase activity; energy reserve metabolic process; blood coagulation; signal transduction; regulation of insulin secretion; Rap protein signal transduction